Bruze M
Yrkesdermatologiska kliniken, Malmö Allmnna Sjukhus.
Nord Med. 1995;110(3):90-2.
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is common. Its diagnosis requires patch testing to establish ACD, followed by repeat open application testing (ROAT) to confirm that the putative allergen is in fact responsible for the ACD. The aim of primary management is to eliminate or minimise exposure to the allergen and its cross reactants. To promote healing and ease discomfort, local treatment is given, which in principle always consists of a short course of corticosteroids and an emollient. Sometimes antibiotics may be necessary, as well as systemic corticosteroid treatment for a brief period. In cases of persistent ACD, and sometimes in cases with a multifactorial background, further treatment may be required, first and foremost phototherapy. In isolated cases, treatment with low-energy roentgen (grenz rays), retinoids or cyclosporine may be called for. Desensitisation is not possible, and at present treatment with chelating agents and diet has no place in the management of ACD.
过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）很常见。其诊断需要进行斑贴试验以确诊ACD，随后进行重复开放应用试验（ROAT）以确认假定的变应原确实是导致ACD的原因。主要治疗目标是消除或尽量减少接触变应原及其交叉反应物。为促进愈合并缓解不适，需进行局部治疗，原则上局部治疗总是包括短期使用皮质类固醇和润肤剂。有时可能需要使用抗生素，以及短期进行全身性皮质类固醇治疗。对于持续性ACD病例，有时对于具有多因素背景的病例，可能需要进一步治疗，首先是光疗。在个别情况下，可能需要使用低能伦琴射线（格伦茨射线）、维甲酸或环孢素进行治疗。脱敏是不可能的，目前螯合剂治疗和饮食在ACD的管理中没有地位。
