Mindermann T, Wilson C B
Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1994 Sep;41(3):359-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1994.tb02557.x.
To evaluate the various types of pituitary adenomas according to sex and age group. Few studies have attempted such an analysis, and most have focused on specific age groups, especially children. Recent data suggest that the frequency of different types of pituitary adenomas varies according to age and sex.
A retrospective review of the records of 2230 patients who underwent surgery for a pituitary adenoma at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), between January 1969 and June 1993.
The distribution of tumours was analysed according to age at surgery, sex, and the clinical phenotype of the tumour. Age groups were defined as the decades of life.
Prolactinomas were the most common tumours (39%), followed by endocrine-inactive adenomas, growth-hormone-releasing adenomas, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone-releasing adenomas causing Cushing's disease; ACTH-releasing adenomas causing Nelson's syndrome and thyrotrophin (TSH)-releasing adenomas were rare. The female-to-male ratio differed considerably between the various adenoma types and between age groups. Prolactinomas, ACTH-releasing adenomas, and TSH-releasing adenomas occurred mostly in females; endocrine-inactive and GH-releasing adenomas occurred mostly in males. In older age groups, all adenoma types, except for endocrine-inactive adenomas, tended to assume a more balanced gender distribution. Among patients with prolactinomas, endocrine-inactive, ACTH-releasing, and to a lesser extent GH-releasing adenomas, the greatest discrepancy in gender distribution seemed to coincide with the peak occurrence of each tumour type. The peak occurrence was from the second to the fifth decade of life for prolactinomas and from the fourth to the eighth decade for endocrine-inactive adenomas. GH-releasing, ACTH-releasing, and TSH-releasing adenomas were more evenly distributed throughout the adult life span.
The frequency of pituitary adenomas varies greatly according to age and sex. The various adenoma types have their peak occurrence in distinctly different age groups and differ greatly in their female-to-male ratios. The female-to-male ratio for a given adenoma type varies greatly with age.
根据性别和年龄组评估各类垂体腺瘤。很少有研究尝试进行这样的分析，且大多数研究聚焦于特定年龄组，尤其是儿童。近期数据表明，不同类型垂体腺瘤的发生率随年龄和性别而变化。
对1969年1月至1993年6月期间在加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校（UCSF）接受垂体腺瘤手术的2230例患者的记录进行回顾性研究。
根据手术时的年龄、性别和肿瘤的临床表型分析肿瘤的分布情况。年龄组按十年划分。
泌乳素瘤是最常见的肿瘤（39%），其次是无内分泌活性腺瘤、生长激素释放腺瘤以及导致库欣病的促肾上腺皮质激素释放腺瘤；导致尼尔森综合征的促肾上腺皮质激素释放腺瘤和促甲状腺激素（TSH）释放腺瘤较为罕见。不同腺瘤类型以及不同年龄组的男女比例差异很大。泌乳素瘤、促肾上腺皮质激素释放腺瘤和促甲状腺激素释放腺瘤大多发生于女性；无内分泌活性腺瘤和生长激素释放腺瘤大多发生于男性。在老年组中，除无内分泌活性腺瘤外，所有腺瘤类型的性别分布趋于更为均衡。在泌乳素瘤、无内分泌活性腺瘤、促肾上腺皮质激素释放腺瘤以及程度较轻的生长激素释放腺瘤患者中，性别分布的最大差异似乎与每种肿瘤类型的发病高峰一致。泌乳素瘤的发病高峰在生命的第二个至第五个十年，无内分泌活性腺瘤的发病高峰在第四个至第八个十年。生长激素释放腺瘤、促肾上腺皮质激素释放腺瘤和促甲状腺激素释放腺瘤在成年期分布更为均匀。
垂体腺瘤的发生率随年龄和性别有很大差异。不同腺瘤类型在明显不同的年龄组达到发病高峰，且男女比例差异很大。特定腺瘤类型的男女比例随年龄变化很大。
