Miller R C, Marino S A, Brenner D J, Martin S G, Richards M, Randers-Pehrson G, Hall E J
Center for Radiological Research, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.
Radiat Res. 1995 Apr;142(1):54-60.
Epidemiological studies have established an association between exposure to radon and carcinoma of the lung. However, based on data for either lung cancer in uranium miners exposed to radon or bronchial epithelial carcinomas in Japanese A-bomb survivors, it has not been possible to assign estimates of risk of lung cancer for the general population exposed to radon in their homes. Based on past success with the excellent quantitative properties of the C3H 10T1/2 in vitro oncogenic transformation assay system, the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) for radiation-induced transformation for charged particles of defined LET has been determined. As the LET of the radiation was increased, the rate of induction of oncogenic transformation increased and the RBEm approached 20. At higher LETs, RBE dropped precipitously. The rapid drop in effectiveness for alpha particles with LETs between 120 and 265 keV/microns implies a lower quality factor than the 20-25 currently considered appropriate when estimating lung cancer mortality.
流行病学研究已证实接触氡与肺癌之间存在关联。然而，根据氡暴露的铀矿工人肺癌数据或日本原子弹幸存者的支气管上皮癌数据，尚无法对在家中接触氡的普通人群的肺癌风险进行估计。基于过去在C3H 10T1/2体外致癌转化试验系统的出色定量特性方面取得的成功，已确定了特定线性能量传递（LET）的带电粒子辐射诱导转化的相对生物效应（RBE）。随着辐射LET的增加，致癌转化的诱导率增加，且RBEm接近20。在更高的LET下，RBE急剧下降。LET在120至265 keV/微米之间的α粒子有效性迅速下降，这意味着在估计肺癌死亡率时，其品质因数低于目前认为合适的20 - 25。
