Glutamate-dopamine interactions in the production of pilocarpine motor seizures in the mouse.

An assortment of glutamate antagonists with differing selectivities for NMDA and AMPA-type glutamate receptors, were tested for their effects in the mouse pilocarpine model of complex partial seizures. MK 801 (0.1-0.8 mg/kg) and high doses of HA 966 (50 mg/kg) were proconvulsant, whilst CGP 40116 (1-8 mg/kg) and low doses of HA 966 (0.4-10 mg/kg) inhibited pilocarpine-induced convulsions. CPP (5-20 mg/kg) and NBQX (1-50 mg/kg) were without effect. The dopamine D1 agonist SKF 38393 (10 mg/kg) facilitated the convulsant effects of low-dose pilocarpine (100 mg/kg). MK 801 (0.1-0.2 mg/kg) and HA 966 (50 mg/kg) interacted synergistically with SKF 38393 to promote the proconvulsant effects of D1 stimulation, whilst CPP (10-20 mg/kg) and HA 966 (10 mg/kg) had the opposite effect. CGP 40116 and NBQX were without effect. These results show that the convulsant qualities of MK 801 and SKF 38393, that have been detected in animal models of Parkinson's disease, can be reproduced in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Whilst the glutamate antagonists all interact synergistically with SKF 38393 to improve its antiparkinson activity, only MK 801 and high doses of HA 966 similarly potentiate the convulsions associated with D1 stimulation. An appropriate mixture of a glutamate antagonist and a D1 agonist could theoretically be used beneficially in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, without causing epilepsy as a side effect.