Sanglier J J, Wellington E M, Behal V, Fiedler H P, Ellouz Ghorbel R, Finance C, Hacene M, Kamoun A, Kelly C, Mercer D K
Sandoz Pharma Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
Res Microbiol. 1993 Oct;144(8):661-3. doi: 10.1016/0923-2508(93)90071-9.
Actinomycetes form an enormous reservoir of secondary metabolites and enzymes. The potential for exploiting rare actinomycetes is highlighted by the discovery of novel compounds from strains of Spirillospora and Nocardioides. Novel compounds of well known classes of antibiotics, such as polyenes, continue to be discovered. For compounds containing a chromophore, the analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array detector enables the elimination of producers of known compounds and facilitates the discovery of novel compounds or derivatives. The complexity of the regulatory mechanisms is illustrated by glutamine synthetase. The characterization of thermostable amylolytic, lignolytic, peroxidase and neuramidase activities, and the isolation of novel cellulolytic actinomycetes clearly demonstrate the potential of Actinomycetes as producers of enzymes.
放线菌是次生代谢产物和酶的巨大储存库。从螺旋孢菌属和诺卡氏菌属菌株中发现新型化合物，凸显了开发稀有放线菌的潜力。诸如多烯类等知名抗生素类别的新型化合物仍在不断被发现。对于含有发色团的化合物，采用高效液相色谱结合二极管阵列检测器进行分析，能够排除已知化合物的产生菌，有助于发现新型化合物或衍生物。谷氨酰胺合成酶说明了调控机制的复杂性。热稳定淀粉酶、木质素分解酶、过氧化物酶和神经氨酸酶活性的表征，以及新型纤维素分解放线菌的分离，清楚地证明了放线菌作为酶生产者的潜力。
