c-erbB-2 promoter-specific DNA-binding protein isolated from human breast cancer tissues displays mitogenic activity.

Amplification and overexpression of the c-erbB-2 gene appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of human breast and other cancers. Frequent amplification (20-30%) of the c-erbB-2 gene was observed in human adenocarcinomas of kidney, pancreas, lung, ovarian, and breast cancer. The gene product is a 185-kDa glycoprotein that has intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and is believed to be a receptor. Several candidate ligands have been described. In the present study we have identified and purified a novel DNA-binding protein from malignant human breast tissues. The protein binds to a core element (-22 to +9, +1 being the transcription start site) of the c-erbB-2 promoter region in a sequence-specific manner. The affinity-purified protein has the ability to induce DNA synthesis in quiescent NIH/3T3 cells, suggesting that the factor has mitogenic activity. The purified protein induces c-erbB-2 expression on the surface of microinjected NIH/3T3 cells. This DNA-binding protein is a sequence-specific cellular factor that is associated with high level expression of the c-erbB-2 gene and appears to play a role in cell transformation. Understanding the control and expression of this DNA-binding protein may shed light on the mechanism(s) of c-erbB-2 gene regulation and its potential role in the pathogenesis of human adenocarcinomas.