Anderson R A, Feathergill K A, Drisdel R C, Rawlins R G, Mack S R, Zaneveld L J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
J Androl. 1994 Jan-Feb;15(1):61-70.
Atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs) from several species induced the human acrosome reaction. The maximal response was highest for human ANP (18.6% above unstimulated or baseline values) and decreased progressively for peptides derived from animals lower on the phylogenetic scale. ANP concentrations required for a half-maximal effect in noncapacitated spermatozoa ranged from 0.07 to 0.38 nM. ANP induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated spermatozoa, but the concentration required was higher than in noncapacitated cells. The response in noncapacitated spermatozoa was independent of added extracellular Ca2+ and was completely inhibited by 1 microM LY83583 (inhibits particulate guanylate cyclase). However, 10 microM N omega-nitro-L-arginine (inhibits soluble guanylate cyclase) had no effect. ANP (80 pM) and 3 microM 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycerol each induced a nearly half-maximal acrosome reaction. Added in combination, they produced no increased response, suggesting antagonism. Follicular fluid had variable levels of immunoreactive ANP. Average ANP content was nearly zero in samples that contained no oocyte at the time of aspiration but was higher (6.9 pM; 90% confidence limits = 1.67-28.72 pM) in follicular fluid containing oocytes that did not fertilize in vitro. Highest concentrations of ANP were present in follicular fluid containing oocytes that fertilized in vitro (72.8 pM; 90% confidence limits = 38.1-139.1 pM). These data suggest that noncapacitated spermatozoa can acrosome react without added extracellular Ca2+ in response to an extracellular ligand. Also, human spermatozoa appear to contain receptors for ANP similar to those found in other cell types. The ANP content of follicular fluid might partly explain the ability of follicular fluid to induce the acrosome reaction.
来自多个物种的心房利钠肽（ANP）可诱导人类顶体反应。人类ANP的最大反应最高（比未刺激或基线值高18.6%），而对于系统发育等级较低动物来源的肽，反应则逐渐降低。在未获能精子中产生半数最大效应所需的ANP浓度范围为0.07至0.38 nM。ANP可诱导获能精子发生顶体反应，但所需浓度高于未获能细胞。未获能精子中的反应与添加的细胞外Ca2+无关，并被1 microM LY83583（抑制颗粒型鸟苷酸环化酶）完全抑制。然而，10 microM Nω-硝基-L-精氨酸（抑制可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶）则无作用。ANP（80 pM）和3 microM 1,2-二己酰基-sn-甘油各自均可诱导接近半数最大的顶体反应。联合添加时，它们并未产生增强的反应，提示存在拮抗作用。卵泡液中免疫反应性ANP的水平各异。抽吸时不含卵母细胞的样本中，平均ANP含量几乎为零，但在含未体外受精卵母细胞的卵泡液中较高（6.9 pM；90%置信限 = 1.67 - 28.72 pM）。含体外受精卵母细胞的卵泡液中ANP浓度最高（72.8 pM；90%置信限 = 38.1 - 139.1 pM）。这些数据表明，未获能精子可在无添加细胞外Ca2+的情况下，对细胞外配体作出反应而发生顶体反应。此外，人类精子似乎含有与其他细胞类型中发现的类似的ANP受体。卵泡液中的ANP含量可能部分解释了卵泡液诱导顶体反应的能力。
