Lanfrancone L, Pelicci G, Pelicci P G
Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, Policlinico, Instito Medicina Interna e Scienze Oncologiche, Perugia, Italy.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1994 Feb;4(1):109-19. doi: 10.1016/0959-437x(94)90099-x.
The accumulation of multiple genetic changes underlies the process of tumorigenesis, and both dominantly acting oncogenes and inactivated tumor suppressor genes co-exist in the same tumor. Individual mutations are thought to independently contribute to the kaleidoscopic transformed phenotype. Several examples have now been found of mutations in genes that, through different mechanisms, act on central control points either to ensure genome stability or to regulate the common pathways that signal cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Mutations at these loci may have multiple, and apparently unrelated, phenotypic consequences.
多种基因变化的积累是肿瘤发生过程的基础，显性作用的癌基因和失活的肿瘤抑制基因在同一肿瘤中并存。单个突变被认为独立地促成了千变万化的转化表型。现在已经发现了几个基因发生突变的例子，这些基因通过不同机制作用于核心控制点，要么确保基因组稳定性，要么调节信号细胞增殖、存活和分化的共同途径。这些位点的突变可能有多种明显不相关的表型后果。
