Webster R C, Davidson T M, White M F, Bush J E, Smith R C
Arch Otolaryngol. 1976 Nov;102(11):657-62. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1976.00780160053003.
Face lift surgery almost always is elective; and, because its purpose is to diminish aging problems, it most often is done in those who are aged. Local and general risks, therefore, should be minimized. Wide undermining dictates flaps dissected more deeply and wounds closed well short of the limits of stretch of skin. Less radical undermining described here produces much smaller total wounds, lessens hazards of hematoma, considerably shortens operative and anesthetic times, reduces risks to nerves and ducts, and allows snugger closures. Details of operative technique, including platysma plication, are demonstrated. Short- and long-term results are shown. They indicate improvement sufficient to justify expanded use of the suggested techniques, particularly in view of diminished morbidity and risks to the general condition of those in the older age group.
面部提升手术几乎总是选择性的；而且，由于其目的是减少衰老问题，所以通常在老年人中进行。因此，应将局部和全身风险降至最低。广泛的皮下分离意味着皮瓣剥离更深，伤口在皮肤伸展极限以内就妥善闭合。这里描述的较不激进的皮下分离产生的总伤口要小得多，减少了血肿的风险，显著缩短了手术和麻醉时间，降低了神经和导管的风险，并允许更紧密的闭合。展示了包括颈阔肌折叠在内的手术技术细节。呈现了短期和长期结果。这些结果表明改善程度足以证明扩大使用所建议的技术是合理的，特别是考虑到老年组人群的发病率和对总体状况的风险有所降低。
