Winfield D, Silbiger M, Brown G S, Clarke L, Dwyer S, Yaffe M, Shtern F
Research Triangle Institute, North Carolina.
Invest Radiol. 1994 Apr;29(4):507-15. doi: 10.1097/00004424-199404000-00021.
Digital mammography is one of the most promising novel technologies for further improvement of early detection of breast cancer, offering important potential advantages: 1) improved image quality; 2) digital image processing for improved lesion contrast; 3) computer-aided diagnosis for enhanced radiologic interpretation; and 4) teleradiology for facilitated radiologic consultation. The Diagnostic Imaging Research Branch of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) recently funded an international, multidisciplinary, multi-institutional Digital Mammography Development Group for collaborations between NCI, the academic community, and industry to facilitate the integrated development and implementation of digital mammographic systems. Currently, however, digital mammography faces a number of fundamental technological roadblocks: 1) cost-effective digital detectors and displays for imaging systems; 2) the need for novel algorithms for image processing and computer-aided diagnosis; and 3) high performance, low cost digital networks to provide an "information superhighway" for teleradiology. To solve some of these technological problems, the Diagnostic Imaging Research Branch of NCI joined efforts with the Technology Transfer Division of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to pursue a federal technology transfer program in digital mammography. The authors discuss the findings and recommendations of the workshop entitled "Technology Transfer in Digital Mammography," which was organized and held jointly by the NCI and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in May, 1993. Numerous innovative technologies of varying degree of promise for digital mammography were presented at the conference. In this article, specific technologies presented at the workshop by the federal and federally-supported laboratories are described, and critiques of these technologies by the leaders of the medical imaging community are presented.
数字乳腺摄影是进一步提高乳腺癌早期检测水平最具前景的新技术之一，具有重要的潜在优势：1）图像质量提高；2）通过数字图像处理提高病变对比度；3）利用计算机辅助诊断增强放射学解读；4）通过远程放射学方便放射学会诊。美国国立癌症研究所（NCI）的诊断成像研究分部最近资助了一个国际、多学科、多机构的数字乳腺摄影开发小组，以促进NCI、学术界和工业界之间的合作，推动数字乳腺摄影系统的集成开发与应用。然而，目前数字乳腺摄影面临一些基本的技术障碍：1）成像系统中经济高效的数字探测器和显示器；2）需要用于图像处理和计算机辅助诊断的新算法；3）高性能、低成本的数字网络，为远程放射学提供“信息高速公路”。为解决其中一些技术问题，NCI的诊断成像研究分部与美国国家航空航天局的技术转让部门共同努力，开展了一项数字乳腺摄影联邦技术转让计划。作者讨论了1993年5月由NCI和美国国家航空航天局联合组织并举办的题为“数字乳腺摄影技术转让”研讨会的结果和建议。会议上展示了许多对数字乳腺摄影有不同程度前景的创新技术。本文描述了联邦和联邦支持的实验室在研讨会上展示的具体技术，并介绍了医学成像界领导人对这些技术的批评意见。
