O'Brien G M, Criner G J
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Crit Care Clin. 1994 Jul;10(3):507-22.
Despite a better understanding of the pathophysiologic changes that occur in the respiratory system as a result of trauma and surgery, pulmonary complications remain an important contributor of morbidity and mortality. Pre-existing pulmonary disease predisposes the patient to these complications and further complicates their management. Timely identification of chronic pulmonary dysfunction and the early institution of pharmacologic measures and respiratory care, as outlined, may reduce pulmonary complications in this high-risk group.
尽管对外伤和手术导致的呼吸系统病理生理变化有了更深入的了解，但肺部并发症仍然是发病率和死亡率的重要原因。既往存在的肺部疾病使患者易患这些并发症，并使治疗更加复杂。如前所述，及时识别慢性肺功能障碍并尽早采取药物治疗措施和呼吸护理，可能会降低这一高危人群的肺部并发症发生率。
