Mulvey E P
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1994 Jul;45(7):663-8. doi: 10.1176/ps.45.7.663.
The relationship of mental illness and violence is an issue of longstanding clinical and policy importance, and recent research on this association has sparked renewed debate. The author formulates six statements on the association that seem warranted by recent investigations and reviews the research evidence. In general, contrary to findings of earlier research, an association does appear to exist between mental illness and the likelihood of being involved in violent incidents. A dual diagnosis of mental illness and substance abuse probably significantly increases the risk for violence, and the association between mental illness and violence is probably significant even when demographic characteristics are taken into account. Given the considerable limitations of current research, priorities for future research include attention to the strength of the association for individual subjects, inclusion of adequate comparison groups of non-mentally-ill persons and a broad range of variables, and intensive studies of repetitively violent individuals over time.
精神疾病与暴力之间的关系是一个长期以来在临床和政策方面都具有重要意义的问题，近期关于这一关联的研究引发了新的争论。作者就这一关联提出了六项陈述，这些陈述似乎有近期调查作为依据，并对研究证据进行了回顾。总体而言，与早期研究结果相反，精神疾病与卷入暴力事件的可能性之间似乎确实存在关联。精神疾病与药物滥用的双重诊断可能会显著增加暴力风险，而且即使考虑到人口统计学特征，精神疾病与暴力之间的关联可能仍然显著。鉴于当前研究存在相当大的局限性，未来研究的重点包括关注个体受试者关联的强度、纳入足够的非精神疾病患者对照组和广泛的变量，以及对反复暴力的个体进行长期深入研究。
