Eronen M, Angermeyer M C, Schulze B
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Kuopio, Niuvanniem Hospital, Finland.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1998 Dec;33 Suppl 1:S13-23. doi: 10.1007/s001270050205.
This paper reviews the current state of the debate on the relationship between mental disorder and violent behaviour. Starting from the discussion of methodological approaches to assessing a possible association, the most important studies carried out on the issue in recent years are discussed. Their results concur in supporting the assumption that there is a moderate but reliable association between mental disorder and violence. However, this does not imply that people with mental illness are generally more likely to commit violent acts than members of the general population. An elevated risk of violent behaviour is only evident for specific psychiatric diagnoses and symptom constellations. For schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, a significant increase in the likelihood to commit violent acts is reported. Substance use disorders and antisocial personality disorder, however, represent a markedly higher risk for violent behaviour. The article further discusses possible determinants of violent behaviour such as psychotic symptoms and comorbidity with substance abuse and considers who is at particular risk of becoming a target of violent acts.
本文回顾了关于精神障碍与暴力行为之间关系的辩论现状。从评估可能关联的方法学途径的讨论入手，探讨了近年来在该问题上开展的最重要研究。其结果一致支持这样一种假设，即精神障碍与暴力之间存在适度但可靠的关联。然而，这并不意味着患有精神疾病的人比普通人群更有可能实施暴力行为。暴力行为风险升高仅在特定的精神科诊断和症状组合中明显。据报道，精神分裂症和其他精神病性障碍实施暴力行为的可能性显著增加。然而，物质使用障碍和反社会人格障碍则代表着暴力行为的明显更高风险。本文进一步讨论了暴力行为的可能决定因素，如精神病性症状以及与物质滥用的共病情况，并考虑了谁特别有可能成为暴力行为的目标。
