Angelillo I F, Villari P, D'Errico M M, Grasso G M, Ricciardi G, Pavia M
Medical School University of Reggio Calabria, Catanzaro, Italy.
J Public Health Dent. 1994 Summer;54(3):145-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1994.tb01206.x.
Italy, together with Spain, is second only to France in the total number of AIDS cases in Europe, with over 16,800 as of March 1993. The purpose of this study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and behavior concerning AIDS and infection control among Italian dentists.
A questionnaire was mailed to 1,000 dentists randomly selected from the Italian Dental and Maxillo-Facial Association's register of dentists.
Of the 715 dentists responding, 70.7 percent of dentists knew all the main risk groups able to transmit the infection and that semen is a biologic fluid potentially contaminated by HIV virus. This knowledge was greater if the number of patients per week was not higher than 55 and if the dentist had had a previous contact with an HIV-seropositive patient. Only a few (21.1%) knew all the oral manifestations of AIDS. Over 65 percent of the dentists indicated that they would treat HIV-seropositive patients (71.9%) or those with AIDS (66.8%). Dentists were more willing to care for an HIV-seropositive patient if they were involved in specialties with high blood contact, if they had a previous contact with an HIV patient, as the average number of patients per week increased, and if they did not consider saliva as a possible route of transmission of HIV. A small percentage of dentists who had the opportunity to treat patients at risk for AIDS (12.1%) or HIV seropositive (9.4%) refused to treat them. Willingness to treat was the most significant predictor of actual treatment of an infected patient. Only 24.4 percent routinely used all barrier techniques (gloves, masks, and protective eyewear). Predictors of routine use of all barrier techniques were specialties with high blood contact, considering saliva a possible route of transmission of HIV infection, average number of patients per week fewer than 40, and number of years of practice.
Educational efforts for improving knowledge and finding and implementing ways to motivate dentists to the correct and routine use of infection control procedures are needed.
在欧洲，意大利与西班牙的艾滋病病例总数仅次于法国，截至1993年3月已超过16,800例。本研究的目的是评估意大利牙医对艾滋病及感染控制的知识、态度和行为。
向从意大利口腔颌面协会牙医登记册中随机抽取的1000名牙医邮寄了一份问卷。
在715名回复的牙医中，70.7%的牙医知道所有能够传播感染的主要风险群体，并且知道精液是一种可能被艾滋病毒污染的生物液体。如果每周的患者数量不超过55人，并且牙医之前曾接触过艾滋病毒血清阳性患者，那么这种知识水平会更高。只有少数（21.1%）牙医知道艾滋病的所有口腔表现。超过65%的牙医表示他们会治疗艾滋病毒血清阳性患者（71.9%）或艾滋病患者（66.8%）。如果牙医从事与血液接触频繁的专科、之前接触过艾滋病毒患者、每周平均患者数量增加，并且不认为唾液是艾滋病毒的可能传播途径，那么他们更愿意护理艾滋病毒血清阳性患者。有机会治疗艾滋病高危患者（12.1%）或艾滋病毒血清阳性患者（9.4%）的牙医中，有一小部分拒绝治疗。愿意治疗是实际治疗感染患者的最重要预测因素。只有24.4%的牙医常规使用所有屏障技术（手套、口罩和防护眼镜）。常规使用所有屏障技术的预测因素包括与血液接触频繁的专科、认为唾液是艾滋病毒感染的可能传播途径、每周平均患者数量少于40人以及执业年限。
需要开展教育工作以提高知识水平，并寻找和实施激励牙医正确和常规使用感染控制程序的方法。
