Connelly R T, Lourwood D L
Department of Infectious Diseases, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
Pharmacotherapy. 1994 Jul-Aug;14(4):424-9.
The frequency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among pregnant women is increasing. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is the most common opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients, and prophylaxis is an important part of decreasing morbidity. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), pentamidine, and dapsone, alone or in combination with pyrimethamine, are the most commonly used drugs for PCP prophylaxis in the nonpregnant HIV-infected population. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, however, has the potential for adverse effects in the fetus. Limited data are available for the other agents administered as prophylaxis of PCP.
孕妇中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的频率正在上升。卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PCP）是HIV感染患者中最常见的机会性感染，预防是降低发病率的重要组成部分。甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑（TMP-SMX）、喷他脒和氨苯砜，单独使用或与乙胺嘧啶联合使用，是未怀孕的HIV感染人群中预防PCP最常用的药物。然而，甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑对胎儿有产生不良反应的可能性。关于用于预防PCP的其他药物的数据有限。
