McFarlane A C
Department of Community and Rehabilitation Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 1994 Jun;17(2):393-408.
Most forms of psychotherapy have been proposed as treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), even though there is an absence of sophisticated outcome literature and few validated conclusions. The Koach project suggests that patients, therapists, and objective outcome measures differ significantly in their assessments of the usefulness of therapy. Clearly, entrenched PTSD is very resistant to psychotherapy and many patients remain symptomatic in spite of the best efforts of their therapists. Just talking about the trauma does not seem to be sufficient, yet current outcome studies suggest that exposure and the cognitive reworking of PTSD memories are the critical elements to treatment. Moreover, the personal characteristics of some individuals make them particularly responsive to treatment.
尽管缺乏复杂的疗效文献且鲜有经过验证的结论，但大多数心理治疗形式都已被提议作为创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的治疗方法。“Koach项目”表明，患者、治疗师以及客观疗效指标在对治疗有效性的评估上存在显著差异。显然，顽固的创伤后应激障碍对心理治疗具有很强的抵抗力，尽管治疗师已竭尽全力，许多患者仍有症状。仅仅谈论创伤似乎并不够，但目前的疗效研究表明，暴露疗法以及对创伤后应激障碍记忆的认知重构是治疗的关键要素。此外，一些人的个人特质使他们对治疗特别敏感。
