Hahn T, Graf R, Oney T, Desoye G
Department of Anatomy, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
Placenta. 1994 Jun;15(4):377-88. doi: 10.1016/0143-4004(94)90005-1.
Therapy with glucocorticoids during pregnancy is still debated. Previously reported effects of glucocorticoid application in rats resemble certain symptoms of preeclampsia. Therefore, we studied in vitro the effects of the synthetic glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide soluble (0.1-10 mM) on placental alpha-glutamyl amino-peptidase, microsomal alanyl aminopeptidase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in purified trophoblast monolayers and villous explants from first trimester (n = 5) and term placentae (n = 9) using bio- and histochemical methods. In term placentae quantitative histochemistry (microdensitometry) of trophoblast monolayers revealed an increase of alpha-glutamyl aminopeptidase and microsomal alanyl aminopeptidase activity up to 149% and 126% respectively, after treatment with supraphysiological doses. In trophoblast monolayers from first trimester alpha-glutamyl aminopeptidase activity was not affected, whereas microsomal alanyl aminopeptidase activity increased by 25%. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV staining was reduced to 26%. Biochemical measurements of alpha-glutamyl aminopeptidase and microsomal alanyl aminopeptidase activity in homogenates of cultured villi revealed effects similar to those found by microdensitometry in trophoblast monolayers. In contrast, dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity increased in explants of term placentae by 47%. Acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase activities were reduced in term placental villi by 38% and 40%, respectively. The data indicate that glucocorticoids may affect the activity of hydrolases which are thought to be involved in local placental blood pressure modulation.
孕期使用糖皮质激素治疗仍存在争议。先前报道的糖皮质激素在大鼠体内的作用类似于先兆子痫的某些症状。因此，我们使用生物和组织化学方法，在体外研究了合成糖皮质激素曲安奈德（0.1 - 10 mM）对来自孕早期（n = 5）和足月胎盘（n = 9）的纯化滋养层单层细胞和绒毛外植体中胎盘α-谷氨酰氨基肽酶、微粒体丙氨酰氨基肽酶、二肽基肽酶IV、乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶的影响。在足月胎盘滋养层单层细胞的定量组织化学（显微密度测定）中发现，用超生理剂量处理后，α-谷氨酰氨基肽酶和微粒体丙氨酰氨基肽酶活性分别增加至149%和126%。在孕早期滋养层单层细胞中，α-谷氨酰氨基肽酶活性未受影响，而微粒体丙氨酰氨基肽酶活性增加了25%。二肽基肽酶IV染色减少至26%。培养绒毛匀浆中α-谷氨酰氨基肽酶和微粒体丙氨酰氨基肽酶活性的生化测量结果显示，其效果与滋养层单层细胞显微密度测定结果相似。相反，足月胎盘外植体中二肽基肽酶IV活性增加了47%。足月胎盘绒毛中乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶活性分别降低了38%和40%。数据表明，糖皮质激素可能会影响水解酶的活性，而这些水解酶被认为与局部胎盘血压调节有关。
