Besson J M, Guilbaud G
INSERM, Unité 161, physiopharmacologie du système nerveux et EPHE, Paris.
Rev Prat. 1994 Sep 15;44(14):1867-73.
The nervous system structures involved in the transmission to the brain of noxious messages are discussed. In the periphery, receptors termed "nociceptors" consist of both fine unmyelinated and myelinated nerve fibres. The mechanisms of the integration of nociceptive messages at the level of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and the systems which modulate these messages (segmental, suprasegmental and supraspinal) have also been extensively studied. In addition to the classical pathways, including the spinothalamic and spinoreticular tracts, the modern neuroanatomical techniques, have revealed the existence of unknown pathways. An example of this is the spinoponto-amygdaloid pathway which appears to play a role in the cognitive and affective components of pain. Nowadays numerous strategies are developed for the design of novel analgesics but the major problem for the pharmacologists is the complexity of the nervous system (multiplicity of the receptors, interspecies differences, colocalisations of several transmitters in the same neuron).
本文讨论了参与向大脑传递伤害性信息的神经系统结构。在周围神经系统中，被称为“伤害感受器”的受体由细的无髓鞘和有髓鞘神经纤维组成。脊髓背角水平的伤害性信息整合机制以及调节这些信息的系统（节段性、节段上和脊髓上系统）也已得到广泛研究。除了经典通路，包括脊髓丘脑束和脊髓网状束外，现代神经解剖技术还揭示了一些未知通路的存在。其中一个例子是脊髓-脑桥-杏仁核通路，它似乎在疼痛的认知和情感成分中发挥作用。如今，为设计新型镇痛药开发了许多策略，但药理学家面临的主要问题是神经系统的复杂性（受体的多样性、种间差异、几种递质在同一神经元中的共定位）。
