Mahdi N K, Setrak S K, Shiwaish S M
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1993 Dec;24(4):685-91.
Three hundred and thirty-two stool samples were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites including Strongyloides stercoralis. Each sample was processed and examined by direct smear, formalin-ether and Harada and Mori culture methods. Nine parasites were recovered from patients attending Basrah Teaching Hospital, southern Iraq during 1989. The prevalence rate of infection was 64.2%. It was higher in rural (74.2%) than in urban (57.5%) region (p < 0.01). Sex distribution was 120 (36.1%) males and 87 (26.2%) females (p > 0.05). The most common parasites were Blastocystis hominis, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Hymenolepis nana and Strongyloides stercoralis. Formalin-ether concentration method was 3.75 times better than the direct smear method in the diagnosis of helminth rather than protozoan infections. The yield obtained by the usage of the Harada and Mori culture method (4.5%) was significantly higher than that obtained by formalin-ether (2.7%) or direct smear (0.3%) methods. Therefore, the Harada and Mori culture method is recommended in patients with undiagnosed diarrhea and where strongyloidiasis is endemic or suspected. Investigation of the relationship between age of the patients and prevalence showed that the prevalence of total intestinal parasites and of Strongyloides alone had essentially levelled off by age 11-20 and 21-30 years old, respectively. Clinical symptoms associated with S. stercoralis infection were diarrhea, anorexia and abdominal pain. Thiabendazole is still a drug of choice in the treatment of strongyloidiasis.
对332份粪便样本进行了检查，以确定是否存在包括粪类圆线虫在内的肠道寄生虫。每份样本都采用直接涂片法、福尔马林 - 乙醚法以及原田 - 森氏培养法进行处理和检查。1989年期间，从伊拉克南部巴士拉教学医院就诊的患者中发现了9种寄生虫。感染率为64.2%。农村地区（74.2%）的感染率高于城市地区（57.5%）（p < 0.01）。性别分布为男性120例（36.1%），女性87例（26.2%）（p > 0.05）。最常见的寄生虫是蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫、溶组织内阿米巴、微小膜壳绦虫和粪类圆线虫。在诊断蠕虫感染而非原生动物感染方面，福尔马林 - 乙醚浓缩法比直接涂片法好3.75倍。使用原田 - 森氏培养法获得的检出率（4.5%）显著高于福尔马林 - 乙醚法（2.7%）或直接涂片法（0.3%）。因此，对于未确诊的腹泻患者以及类圆线虫病流行或疑似地区的患者，推荐使用原田 - 森氏培养法。对患者年龄与感染率之间关系的调查显示，11 - 20岁和21 - 30岁时，肠道寄生虫总体感染率和仅粪类圆线虫感染率基本趋于平稳。与粪类圆线虫感染相关的临床症状为腹泻（2）、厌食和腹痛。噻苯达唑仍然是治疗类圆线虫病的首选药物。
