Mittag T W, Serle J, Schumer R, Brodie S, Stegman D, Schmidt K G, Taniguchi T, Rho S H, Podos S
Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1994 May;38 Suppl:S183-90. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(94)90065-5.
Ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured in groups of human subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), ocular hypertension (OHT), low-tension glaucoma (LTG), retinal degenerations (RD), in OHT volunteers treated with single doses of 2% epinephrine, 4% pilocarpine, 0.5% timolol or 1% p-amino-clonidine, and in normal subjects before and after exercise. Compared to normal controls, OHT subjects showed significantly higher IOP and OPA, while OPA was significantly lower in ocular normotensive LTG and RD subjects groups. All drug treatments lowered IOP in OHT subjects, but did not change OPA significantly. Exercise in normal volunteers increased calculated ocular perfusion pressure by 22.5%, lowered IOP by 32%, but showed no significant change in OPA. When IOP was elevated > or = 5 mmHg in lasered monkey eyes peak pulse volume (PPV) was increased significantly in the unlasered eyes. Epinephrine 2% or 1% p-aminoclonidine lowered IOP moderately with no change in PPV, while treatment with 4% pilocarpine or 0.5% timolol reduced IOP and increased PPV significantly. The findings suggest that LTG may be associated with an ocular vascular abnormality. OPA in OHT or normal human subjects did not change when IOP was decreased by antiglaucoma drug treatments or exercise, respectively. These results indicate that OPA may be physiologically autoregulated in human subjects with IOPs in the 11-21 mmHg range. However, laser-induced glaucomatous monkey eyes with higher IOP (30-35 mmHg) did not autoregulate, but showed a low peak pulse volume, which increased when IOP was reduced 5 mmHg or more by means of antiglaucoma drug treatment.
对患有原发性开角型青光眼（POAG）、高眼压症（OHT）、低眼压性青光眼（LTG）、视网膜变性（RD）的人类受试者组，接受单剂量2%肾上腺素、4%毛果芸香碱、0.5%噻吗洛尔或1%对氨基可乐定治疗的OHT志愿者，以及正常受试者运动前后，测量了眼脉冲幅度（OPA）和眼压（IOP）。与正常对照组相比，OHT受试者的IOP和OPA显著更高，而眼压正常的LTG和RD受试者组的OPA显著更低。所有药物治疗均降低了OHT受试者的IOP，但未显著改变OPA。正常志愿者运动后，计算得出的眼灌注压增加了22.5%，IOP降低了32%，但OPA无显著变化。在激光照射的猴眼中，当IOP升高≥5 mmHg时，未照射眼的峰值脉冲体积（PPV）显著增加。2%肾上腺素或1%对氨基可乐定适度降低IOP，PPV无变化，而4%毛果芸香碱或0.5%噻吗洛尔治疗降低IOP并显著增加PPV。这些发现表明，LTG可能与眼部血管异常有关。在OHT或正常人类受试者中，分别通过抗青光眼药物治疗或运动降低IOP时，OPA未发生变化。这些结果表明，在IOP为11 - 21 mmHg范围内的人类受试者中，OPA可能存在生理自动调节。然而，激光诱导的高眼压（30 - 35 mmHg）猴眼没有自动调节，而是表现出低峰值脉冲体积，当通过抗青光眼药物治疗使IOP降低5 mmHg或更多时，该体积增加。
