Mayer D C, Strada S J, Hoff C, Hunter R L, Artman M
Department of Pediatrics, University of South Alabama, Mobile 33617.
Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1994 Jul-Aug;24(4):302-11.
Poloxamer 188 is a synthetic surfactant that reduces the viscosity of whole blood without hemodilution. It is postulated that poloxamer 188 would improve outcome if administered during retransfusion following hemorrhage. Rabbits were anesthetized and instrumented for 3 hours of hemodynamic monitoring. After stabilization, blood was withdrawn over a 5 minute period to reduce mean arterial pressure to 35 mmHg (4.7 kPa). Following a 60 minute shock period, animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 experimental groups (n = 8 in each): (1) Shock (no retransfusion); (2) Transfusion (retransfusion of autologous shed blood); (3) Volume (retransfusion with autologous blood and infusion of an additional volume of normal saline equivalent to the volume of poloxamer 188 given in the next 2 experimental groups); (4) Low and (5) High drug (i.v. bolus of 200 mg/kg of poloxamer 188 over 5 minutes at retransfusion, followed by a continuous infusion of poloxamer 188 at 50 mg/kg/hr in the Low drug group and 200 mg/kg/hr in the High drug group). All animals in a surgery Control group (n = 6) remained stable during the 3 hour monitoring period. In contrast, none of the animals in the Shock group remained alive, confirming this to be a relevant model of trauma and severe hemorrhagic shock. There were significantly more animals surviving at the end of the monitoring period in the two groups that received poloxamer 188 (numbers of animals alive after 3 hours = 7 of 8 in the High group and 6 of 8 in the Low group) compared to the Transfusion (4 of 8) and Volume (2 of 8) groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
泊洛沙姆188是一种合成表面活性剂，可在不进行血液稀释的情况下降低全血粘度。据推测，在出血后再输血期间给予泊洛沙姆188可改善预后。将兔子麻醉并进行仪器安装以进行3小时的血流动力学监测。稳定后，在5分钟内抽取血液以使平均动脉压降至35 mmHg（4.7 kPa）。经过60分钟的休克期后，将动物随机分为5个实验组中的1组（每组n = 8）：（1）休克组（不输血）；（2）输血组（回输自体失血）；（3）容量组（回输自体血并输注相当于接下来2个实验组给予的泊洛沙姆188体积的额外生理盐水）；（4）低剂量药物组和（5）高剂量药物组（再输血时在5分钟内静脉推注200 mg/kg泊洛沙姆188，随后低剂量药物组以50 mg/kg/hr的速度持续输注泊洛沙姆188，高剂量药物组以200 mg/kg/hr的速度持续输注）。手术对照组的所有动物（n = 6）在3小时监测期内保持稳定。相比之下，休克组没有一只动物存活，证实这是一个相关的创伤和严重失血性休克模型。与输血组（8只中的4只）和容量组（8只中的2只）相比，接受泊洛沙姆188的两组在监测期结束时存活的动物明显更多（3小时后存活的动物数量：高剂量组8只中的7只，低剂量组8只中的6只）。（摘要截断于250字）
