Deignan R W, Malone D E, McGrath F P
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Canada.
Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1994;35(4):257-311.
Ultrasound (US) is frequently the first investigation performed in patients presenting with a variety of abdominal symptoms, and there is a growing appreciation of its value in a wide range of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. The advantages of US are that it is quick, safe, readily available, noninvasive, and avoids ionizing radiation. It is now the primary imaging investigation when conditions such as appendicitis and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) are suspected. For the diligent examiner careful assessment of the bowel can be rewarding either by diagnosing bowel pathology or identifying possible pathology and determining the most appropriate sequence of diagnostic investigations. Its real time capabilities are of particular usefulness in abdominal conditions; clinical correlation is instant and features such as peristalsis and bowel compressibility can be readily assessed. This review describes and illustrates the current role of high-resolution transabdominal US in the detection of GI pathology with discussion on some of the applications of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) as they relate to this topic.
超声（US）常常是对出现各种腹部症状的患者进行的首要检查，并且其在广泛的胃肠道（GI）疾病中的价值越来越受到重视。超声的优点是检查快速、安全、易于获得、无创且避免电离辐射。当怀疑患有阑尾炎和肥厚性幽门狭窄（HPS）等疾病时，它现在是主要的影像学检查方法。对于认真的检查者而言，仔细评估肠道可能会有收获，既可以诊断肠道病变，也可以识别可能的病变并确定最合适的诊断检查顺序。其实时功能在腹部疾病中特别有用；临床相关性即时可得，诸如蠕动和肠道可压缩性等特征可以很容易地评估。本综述描述并说明了高分辨率经腹超声在胃肠道病变检测中的当前作用，并讨论了内镜超声（EUS）与该主题相关的一些应用。
