Evans D G, Blair V, Greenhalgh R, Hopwood P, Howell A
CRC Department of Cancer Genetics, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, Manchester, UK.
Br J Cancer. 1994 Nov;70(5):934-8. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1994.423.
Women with a family history of breast cancer generally self-refer because they have a feeling that their risk is high. However, they have, in general, only a hazy notion of the population risk of breast cancer and their own risk in relation to this. It is probable that they are helped by genetic counselling and, if at substantial risk, by annual mammography. However, the psychological impact of assigning true risk and the value of mammography need to be evaluated. We have assessed risk perception by questionnaire in 517 new referrals to a family history clinic and 200 women returning to the clinic at least 1 year after counselling. Correct assignment of population lifetime risk of breast cancer was 16% in the uninformed precounsel group and 33% in the post-counsel group, likewise personal risk was correct in 11% and 41% respectively. Post-counsel women were significantly more likely to retain information if they were sent a post-clinic letter or if they assessed their personal risk as too high initially.
有乳腺癌家族史的女性通常会主动前来咨询，因为她们感觉自己患病风险很高。然而，总体而言，她们对乳腺癌的总体人群风险以及自身相对于此的风险只有模糊的概念。她们可能会从遗传咨询中得到帮助，如果风险很高，还会受益于每年的乳腺钼靶检查。然而，确定真实风险的心理影响以及乳腺钼靶检查的价值需要进行评估。我们通过问卷调查评估了517名新转诊至家族史诊所的患者以及200名咨询后至少一年返回诊所的女性的风险认知情况。在未被告知信息的咨询前组中，正确判断乳腺癌终生人群风险的比例为16%，咨询后组为33%；同样，正确判断个人风险的比例分别为11%和41%。咨询后的女性如果收到诊所的随访信，或者她们最初认为自己的个人风险过高，那么她们更有可能记住相关信息。
