Kirsch P, Boucsein W
University of Wuppertal, Germany.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 1994 Apr-Jun;29(2):134-40. doi: 10.1007/BF02691010.
One-trial learning referred to by Guthrie has been suggested to occur in autonomic conditioning, if the conditional stimuli (CSs) are so-called prepared ones. To test this idea, half of 28 subjects were given spider or snake slides as "prepared" CSs, while the remainder were given neutral slides as "unprepared" CSs. A shock was employed as the unconditional stimulus (UCS), with a CS-UCS interval of 8 seconds. Electrodermal activity and probe reaction times were the dependent measures of conditioning, conceived in cognitive, information-processing terms as the learning of the CS/UCS contingency. Evidence for the usual CS/UCS contingency learning emerged in both indicators, and during both acquisition and extinction, but none for one-trial learning, perhaps because the UCS was insufficiently aversive.
古思里所提到的一次性学习被认为会在自主条件作用中发生，前提是条件刺激（CSs）是所谓的易化刺激。为了验证这一想法，28名受试者中有一半被给予蜘蛛或蛇的幻灯片作为“易化”条件刺激，而其余受试者则被给予中性幻灯片作为“不易化”条件刺激。使用电击作为无条件刺激（UCS），条件刺激与无条件刺激的间隔为8秒。皮肤电活动和探测反应时间是条件作用的相关测量指标，从认知、信息处理的角度来看，它们被视为对条件刺激/无条件刺激关联性的学习。在这两个指标以及习得和消退过程中，都出现了通常的条件刺激/无条件刺激关联性学习的证据，但没有一次性学习的证据，这可能是因为无条件刺激的厌恶程度不够。
