Sanchez L, Fristad M, Weller R A, Weller E B, Moye J
New York University Medical Center, New York.
Ann Clin Psychiatry. 1994 Mar;6(1):39-43. doi: 10.3109/10401239409148838.
Anxiety symptoms present immediately following parental death and approximately 8 weeks following the death were evaluated in 38 prepubertal children. Comparison groups included 38 hospitalized depressed children and 19 normal children. Bereaved children and parents were administered the Grief Interview and all were administered standard diagnostic interviews (DICA-C/P). While no bereaved children met DSM-III-R criteria for any anxiety disorder, anxiety regarding other family members dying was reported in 55% of bereaved children immediately after death and in 63% approximately 8 weeks later. When DSM-III-R anxiety symptoms were assessed, bereaved children did not report significantly more anxiety symptoms in the approximate 8-week interval post-parental death than normal comparison children, and had significantly fewer anxiety symptoms than depressed children (p < 0.0001). Bereaved children who had the most anxiety symptoms were also likely to have a depressive disorder (p < 0.002). Age and sex of child, sex of surviving parent, anticipation of death, and family history of anxiety or depressive disorders were not significantly associated with increased anxiety.
对38名青春期前儿童在父母死亡后即刻以及死亡后约8周时出现的焦虑症状进行了评估。对照组包括38名住院的抑郁儿童和19名正常儿童。对丧亲儿童及其父母进行了悲伤访谈，所有人都接受了标准诊断访谈（DICA-C/P）。虽然没有丧亲儿童符合DSM-III-R关于任何焦虑症的标准，但55%的丧亲儿童在父母死亡后即刻报告了对其他家庭成员死亡的焦虑，约8周后这一比例为63%。在评估DSM-III-R焦虑症状时，丧亲儿童在父母死亡后的大约8周内报告的焦虑症状并不比正常对照儿童显著更多，且焦虑症状比抑郁儿童显著更少（p < 0.0001）。焦虑症状最严重的丧亲儿童也更有可能患有抑郁症（p < 0.002）。儿童的年龄和性别、在世父母的性别、对死亡的预期以及焦虑或抑郁障碍的家族史与焦虑增加均无显著关联。
