Kranzler E M, Shaffer D, Wasserman G, Davies M
Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY 10032.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990 Jul;29(4):513-20. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199007000-00002.
Acute bereavement responses in preschool children were prospectively assessed. Parentally bereaved subjects (26, 3- to 6-year-olds) were compared with matched, nonbereaved controls (N = 40). Bereaved subjects, particularly boys, were significantly more symptomatic (Child Behavior Checklist--Parent). On a newly standardized affect interview for preschoolers, bereaved children reported feeling more scared and less happy than controls. Bereaved children, especially girls, reported significantly more sadness when thinking about their parents. The ability to report these grieving emotions correlated significantly with improved functioning. Children from families experiencing a drop in income after the death were more symptomatic. Disturbance among subject parents and children was highly correlated. Issues of developmental capacity to grieve and the impact of environmental mediators are discussed.
对学龄前儿童的急性丧亲反应进行了前瞻性评估。将父母丧亲的受试者（26名3至6岁儿童）与匹配的非丧亲对照组（N = 40）进行比较。丧亲受试者，尤其是男孩，症状明显更严重（儿童行为检查表——家长版）。在一项新标准化的学龄前儿童情感访谈中，丧亲儿童报告说比对照组更害怕且更不开心。丧亲儿童，尤其是女孩，在想到父母时报告的悲伤情绪明显更多。报告这些悲伤情绪的能力与功能改善显著相关。死亡后家庭收入下降的家庭中的孩子症状更明显。受试者父母和孩子之间的困扰高度相关。讨论了悲伤的发展能力问题以及环境调解因素的影响。
