López-Rodríguez F, Kohlmeier K, Morales F R, Chase M H
Department of Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Brain Res. 1994 Jun 27;649(1-2):271-81. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(94)91074-x.
The microinjection of cholinergic drugs into the pontine reticular formation elicits active sleep-like states that are comprised of the principal physiological patterns of activity that characterize naturally-occurring active sleep, i.e., EEG desynchronization, PGO waves, rapid eye movements and atonia. We have reported that other behavioral states arise even when cholinergic drugs are injected into the exact same reticular location. The present study was conducted to explore the basis for the differences in the drug effect. A combination of acetylcholine and neostigmine was injected by microiontophoresis into the dorsal region of the nucleus pontis oralis in four chronic, unanesthetized cats. The states that were induced by cholinergic drug injection depended on the state of the animal at the time of the injection. When the animal was awake, cholinergic injections resulted in a waking-dissociated state, which was characterized by EEG desynchronization and muscle atonia in a cat that appeared to be awake and was able to track objects in its visual field. If the cat was in quiet sleep at the time of the injection, an active sleep-like state followed that was indistinguishable from naturally-occurring active sleep; on a few occasions following cholinergic injections during quiet sleep there was a quiet sleep-dissociated state, which was characterized by PGO waves and muscle atonia in the cat that by other indices appeared to be in quiet sleep. The results of this study indicate that the state of the animal at the time of drug injection is a critical variable that influences the responses which are induced by cholinergic stimulation of the pontine reticular formation.
将胆碱能药物微量注射到脑桥网状结构中会引发类似主动睡眠的状态，这种状态由构成自然发生的主动睡眠特征的主要生理活动模式组成，即脑电图去同步化、脑桥-膝状体-枕叶锋电位（PGO波）、快速眼球运动和肌张力缺失。我们已经报道，即使将胆碱能药物注射到完全相同的网状结构位置，也会出现其他行为状态。本研究旨在探索药物效应差异的基础。通过微离子透入法将乙酰胆碱和新斯的明的混合物注射到四只慢性未麻醉猫的脑桥嘴侧核背侧区域。胆碱能药物注射所诱导的状态取决于注射时动物的状态。当动物清醒时，胆碱能注射会导致一种清醒分离状态，其特征是脑电图去同步化和肌肉肌张力缺失，此时猫看起来清醒且能够追踪其视野中的物体。如果猫在注射时处于安静睡眠状态，则随后会出现一种类似主动睡眠的状态，与自然发生的主动睡眠无法区分；在安静睡眠期间进行胆碱能注射后的少数情况下，会出现一种安静睡眠分离状态，其特征是PGO波和肌肉肌张力缺失，而通过其他指标来看猫似乎处于安静睡眠状态。本研究结果表明，药物注射时动物的状态是一个关键变量，它会影响脑桥网状结构胆碱能刺激所诱导的反应。
