Changes in the response of cultured septal cholinergic neurons to nerve growth factor exposure and deprivation during the first postnatal month.

The effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) and a blocking anti-NGF antibody were studied in cultures plated from postnatal day 1-28 (P1-P28) rat septum and maintained 3 weeks in vitro. 7S NGF (100 ng/ml = 0.75 nM) increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in P7-P21 cultures. The largest increase was measured in P7-P14 cultures, where NGF addition produced ChAT activities 5-12 times higher than those measured in cultures grown in anti-NGF antibody. NGF also increased the number of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-positive neurons in P7-P14 cultures. To determine whether this increase was due to enhanced survival of cholinergic neurons or simply to enhanced AChE expression, we examined cultures to which NGF was added only after an initial 1-2-week exposure to anti-NGF antibody. This delayed addition of NGF also increased ChAT activity and the number of AChE-positive neurons, indicating that cholinergic neurons survived the initial exposure to anti-NGF antibody. Thus even during a period when ChAT activity was most sensitive to NGF, postnatal septal cholinergic neurons did not require NGF for survival in vitro.