MacMillan H L, MacMillan J H, Offord D R, Griffith L, MacMillan A
Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1994 Jul;35(5):857-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb02299.x.
This paper (Part II) and the previous paper (Part I) provide an overview of the primary prevention of child maltreatment. Part II focuses on the effectiveness of interventions aimed at the primary prevention of child sexual abuse. It includes prospective controlled trials published between January 1979 and May 1993. These studies were systematically identified and the quality of each trial was determined using criteria which assessed methodological rigor. Interventions aimed at the prevention of sexual abuse were classified into eight main categories based on the method of intervention. All programs had education as the primary focus. There is evidence that educational programs can improve safety skills and knowledge of children about sexual abuse but no study has produced data that education actually reduces the occurrence of sexual abuse.
本文（第二部分）及前文（第一部分）对儿童虐待的一级预防进行了概述。第二部分聚焦于旨在一级预防儿童性虐待的干预措施的有效性。它涵盖了1979年1月至1993年5月间发表的前瞻性对照试验。这些研究经过系统识别，并使用评估方法严谨性的标准来确定每项试验的质量。基于干预方法，旨在预防性虐待的干预措施被分为八大类。所有项目均以教育为主要重点。有证据表明，教育项目可以提高儿童关于性虐待的安全技能和知识，但尚无研究得出教育实际上能减少性虐待发生的数据。
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