Gottfried N W, Seay B M, Leake E
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University.
J Genet Psychol. 1994 Sep;155(3):273-81. doi: 10.1080/00221325.1994.9914777.
In this study the roles of the mother and the co-twin in inhibiting emotional arousal and reducing manifest distress of a twin who had been isolated in a modified strange situation were compared. The subjects were 15 children, each a member of a twin pair. The subjects were placed in a playroom under three conditions in the following order: (a) mother and twins present; (b) twins together, mother absent; (c) subject isolated from both co-twin and mother. The episodes in which all partners were together were alternated with brief separations. The subjects' distress was minimal when they were separated from the mother with the co-twin present. Upon reunion, stable social behavior was quickly restored. However, separation from the mother and co-twin produced a high level of distress for the subjects. When reunited, the isolated twin initiated physical contact with the mother, soliciting and receiving comfort from her. Furthermore, the distress of the isolated twin was transmitted to the co-twin who had remained with the mother during the isolation period. The nonisolated twin also solicited comfort from the mother. The presence of the co-twin during the reunion following isolation had little effect in reducing the subject twin's distress.
在本研究中，对母亲和孪生同胞在抑制情绪唤起以及减轻处于改良陌生情境中被隔离的孪生儿明显痛苦方面所起的作用进行了比较。研究对象为15名儿童，均为双胞胎中的一员。这些研究对象按以下顺序在一个游戏室中处于三种情境下：(a) 母亲和双胞胎都在场；(b) 双胞胎在一起，母亲不在场；(c) 研究对象与孪生同胞和母亲都隔离。所有伙伴都在一起的时段与短暂分离时段交替进行。当研究对象在孪生同胞在场的情况下与母亲分开时，他们的痛苦最小。重聚时，稳定的社交行为能迅速恢复。然而，与母亲和孪生同胞分离会给研究对象带来高度痛苦。重聚时，被隔离的孪生儿会主动与母亲进行身体接触，向她寻求并得到安慰。此外，被隔离孪生儿的痛苦会传递给在隔离期间一直与母亲在一起的孪生同胞。未被隔离的孪生儿也会向母亲寻求安慰。隔离后重聚时孪生同胞的在场对减轻受试孪生儿的痛苦几乎没有作用。
