Frackowiak J, Zoltowska A, Wisniewski H M
Department of Pathological Neurobiology, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island 10314.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1994 Nov;53(6):637-45. doi: 10.1097/00005072-199411000-00011.
Meningeal blood vessels were studied in Alzheimer disease (AD) and control brain specimens obtained from autopsies within 16 hours after death. Serial sections were stained with thioflavine S and Congo red and immunostained for the presence of beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta PP) and beta-protein and for smooth muscle-specific proteins myosin, alpha-actin, and desmin. Isolated blood vessels were studied by immunoblotting for the presence of beta PP, fragments of beta PP, and beta-protein. The arteries that were strongly immunopositive for beta-protein in all layers of the walls were also positive for amyloid fibrils on thioflavine S and Congo red stainings. The focal immunostaining for beta-protein in less affected vessels was located in the tunica media in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells or formed granules between myocytes. The cytoplasmic beta-protein and some of the small deposits present between cells were negative for amyloid fibrils. The vessels isolated from specimens containing beta-protein-immunoreactive material contained 3 kD, 4.2-4.5 kD, 8.5-9 kD, and 17.5 kD beta-protein-immunoreactive bands. These bands were not found in the samples assessed as beta-protein-negative by immunocytochemistry. These data indicate that during formation of amyloid in AD vessel walls, nonfibrillar, monomeric, and oligomeric beta-protein accumulate.
对死于16小时内的阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者及对照者大脑标本中的脑膜血管进行了研究。连续切片用硫黄素S和刚果红染色，并对β-淀粉样前体蛋白（βPP）、β蛋白以及平滑肌特异性蛋白肌球蛋白、α-肌动蛋白和结蛋白进行免疫染色。通过免疫印迹法对分离出的血管进行研究，以检测βPP、βPP片段和β蛋白的存在情况。在血管壁各层中对β蛋白呈强免疫阳性的动脉，在硫黄素S和刚果红染色中对淀粉样纤维也呈阳性。在病变较轻的血管中，β蛋白的局灶性免疫染色位于中膜平滑肌细胞的细胞质中或肌细胞之间形成颗粒。细胞质中的β蛋白和细胞间存在的一些小沉积物对淀粉样纤维呈阴性。从含有β蛋白免疫反应性物质的标本中分离出的血管含有3kD、4.2 - 4.5kD、8.5 - 9kD和17.5kD的β蛋白免疫反应条带。在免疫细胞化学评估为β蛋白阴性的样本中未发现这些条带。这些数据表明，在AD血管壁淀粉样蛋白形成过程中，非纤维状、单体和寡聚体β蛋白会积累。
