Wright L
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1994 Jul-Aug;23(6):506-15. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01913.x.
Prenatal diagnosis has become widely available and detects an increasing variety of birth defects and potentially harmful medical conditions. Many of the studies are complex and must be performed within a specific time period. Most prenatal diagnostic sampling techniques have some degree of risk for the mother or the fetus, and all produce at least transient anxiety. Nurses are involved in identifying families at risk, preparing women for the procedures, providing support, and counseling patients after the results are known; because of this role, nurses need updated information. This review describes current methods for early identification of a potential problem, discusses a variety of prenatal diagnostic procedures, reviews the most common types of laboratory studies, and introduces future trends in the field of prenatal diagnosis.
产前诊断已广泛应用，可检测出越来越多的出生缺陷和潜在有害的健康状况。许多研究都很复杂，必须在特定时间段内进行。大多数产前诊断采样技术对母亲或胎儿都有一定程度的风险，而且都会至少产生短暂的焦虑情绪。护士参与识别有风险的家庭，为孕妇的检查做准备，提供支持，并在结果出来后为患者提供咨询；由于这一角色，护士需要最新信息。本综述描述了早期识别潜在问题的当前方法，讨论了各种产前诊断程序，回顾了最常见的实验室研究类型，并介绍了产前诊断领域的未来趋势。
