Kang B, Du J Y, Liu J R, Luo H C, Huang J H
Department of Orthopedics, Xiehe Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan.
J Tongji Med Univ. 1994;14(2):105-9.
This paper presents the diagnosis of effusion of the knee by ultrasound. 140 patients with pain and swelling of the knee were detected to have suprapatellar effusion by ultrasound. The antero-posterior distances of the suprapatellar effusion were 0.2-3.4 cm with a mean of 1.2 cm. The effusion was revealed as an anechoic fluid-filled area in 121 cases (86.4%), as a hypoechoic area in 15 cases (10.7%), and as a mixed anechoic fluid-filled area and hypoechoic area in remaining 4 (2.9%). Of 140 cases of knee effusion, 126 cases were verified by aspiration or operation. The results obtained demonstrate that ultrasound can visualize not only the effusion of the knee, but also the abnormalities in the menisci, synovium, and the popliteal fossa; This provides an important basis for diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, ultrasound is painfree, noninvasive, inexpensive, readily acceptable by patients, and convenient for follow-up studies.
本文介绍了超声诊断膝关节积液的情况。对140例膝关节疼痛和肿胀的患者进行超声检查，发现髌上积液。髌上积液的前后径为0.2 - 3.4厘米，平均为1.2厘米。积液在121例（86.4%）中表现为无回声液性暗区，15例（10.7%）表现为低回声区，其余4例（2.9%）表现为无回声液性暗区与低回声区混合。140例膝关节积液患者中，126例经穿刺或手术证实。所得结果表明，超声不仅可以显示膝关节积液，还能显示半月板、滑膜和腘窝的异常情况；这为诊断和治疗提供了重要依据。此外，超声检查无痛、无创、费用低廉、患者易于接受，且便于随访研究。
