Minaguchi K, Hanaoka Y, Kiriyama T, Yamamoto K, Kuroyanagi K
Department of Forensic Odontology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan.
Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi. 1994 Aug;48(4):282-8.
Personal identification from dentures is one of the main method used in the field of forensic odontology. When examining whether a denture left at investigation scene belongs to an unknown set of skeletal remains, it is not difficult to establish identity between the partial denture and the jaw of the skull by comparison of the number and kind of defective teeth and the degree of fit of the retainer to the abutment teeth. However, it is more troublesome to demonstrate identity between a complete denture and a skull since the morphological characteristics of the denture base, including the arrangement of the artificial teeth, have to be compared with those of the surfaces of the jawbones, which cannot be observed from the outside. In cases like this, superimposition and X-ray computed tomography are effective for establishing proof of identity. The method of superimposition involves taking an impression of the upper jaw to prepare a plaster model. A photograph of the denture applied to the plaster model is then taken and another photograph of the plaster model is obtained after removal of the denture under the same conditions. The former photo is printed on a transparent film and then superimposed on the latter. This method is useful for comparison between the arrangement of artificial teeth and the crest of the alveolar ridge, and between the shape of the polished (external) surface of the denture and the shape of the alveolar ridge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
通过假牙进行个人身份识别是法医牙科学领域使用的主要方法之一。在检查留在调查现场的假牙是否属于一组未知的骨骼遗骸时，通过比较缺失牙齿的数量和种类以及固位体与基牙的贴合程度，不难确定局部假牙与颅骨颌骨之间的身份关系。然而，要证明全口假牙与颅骨之间的身份关系则更为麻烦，因为假牙基托的形态特征，包括人造牙的排列，必须与颌骨表面的形态特征进行比较，而这些特征从外部是无法观察到的。在这种情况下，叠加法和X射线计算机断层扫描对于确立身份证明很有效。叠加法包括对上颌取印模以制作石膏模型。然后拍摄应用于石膏模型的假牙照片，并在相同条件下取下假牙后获取石膏模型的另一张照片。前一张照片印在透明胶片上，然后叠加在后一张照片上。这种方法对于比较人造牙的排列与牙槽嵴顶以及假牙抛光（外部）表面的形状与牙槽嵴的形状很有用。（摘要截短至250字）
