Molimard M, Hirsch A, Chrétien J
Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris.
Presse Med. 1994;23(25):1166-71.
Tuberculosis is one of the most widespread diseases affecting more than 8 million subjects. The death toll has been estimated at 3 million persons annually. In France, the incidence in 1991 was 15 per 100,000 inhabitants with wide regional variation (37 per 100,000 in Paris and surrounding areas). It is difficult to interpret variations in incidence which would appear to be on the rise since 1993. (The increase may be a real rise in incidence or simply due to better registration as a result of reports of HIV infection.) In industrialized countries, economic factors, movements in populations, restrictive policies in antituberculosis health care and HIV infection are all factors leading to an increased incidence in tuberculosis. These observations strongly suggest the need for reorganizing our health care policy in the fight against tuberculosis, improving modern techniques in bacteriological identification and imagining new modalities of prevention and treatment. Special emphasis must be placed on research still required before this curable disease can be eradicated.
结核病是分布最为广泛的疾病之一，感染人数超过800万。据估计，每年的死亡人数达300万。在法国，1991年的发病率为每10万居民中有15例，且地区差异很大（巴黎及周边地区为每10万居民中有37例）。自1993年以来，发病率似乎在上升，但其变化难以解释。（发病率上升可能是实际增长，也可能仅仅是由于艾滋病毒感染报告使得登记更为完善所致。）在工业化国家，经济因素、人口流动、抗结核病医疗保健方面的限制性政策以及艾滋病毒感染都是导致结核病发病率上升的因素。这些观察结果强烈表明，有必要重新组织我们在抗击结核病方面的医疗保健政策，改进细菌学鉴定的现代技术，并设想新的预防和治疗方式。在根除这种可治愈疾病之前，必须特别重视仍需开展的研究。
