Fukuta K, Potparic Z, Sugihara T, Rachmiel A, Forté R A, Jackson I T
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994 Nov;94(6):794-800. doi: 10.1097/00006534-199411000-00007.
The vascular anatomy of the galeal frontalis flap was studied in 12 fresh cadavers by an intraarterial dye injection technique. Special attention was directed to the length limit of this flap. The general belief that the galeal frontalis flap has a robust vascularity by means of the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries was not demonstrated in this study. In the medial half of the forehead, superficial branches of both arteries penetrated the frontalis muscle immediately above the supraorbital rim and ran superficially in the subcutaneous tissue. In the lateral half, some of the superficial branches of the supraorbital artery traveled with the frontalis muscle and anastomosed with the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery. Deep branches of the supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries showed an axial distribution on the periosteum only for a short distance. One or two branches of the supraorbital artery were found to take a superficial course within the subgaleal layer, pierce the frontalis muscle, and anastomose with the superficial temporal artery. These findings suggest that the galeal frontalis flap should be elevated in the lateral forehead. The preservation of the periosteum with the flap is recommended in order to ensure the temporoparietal extension.
采用动脉内染料注射技术，在12具新鲜尸体上研究了额肌帽状腱膜瓣的血管解剖结构。特别关注了该皮瓣的长度限制。本研究未证实普遍认为的额肌帽状腱膜瓣通过滑车上动脉和眶上动脉具有丰富血供这一观点。在前额内侧半部分，两条动脉的浅支在眶上缘上方立即穿透额肌，并在皮下组织中浅层走行。在外侧半部分，眶上动脉的一些浅支与额肌一起走行，并与颞浅动脉的额支吻合。滑车上动脉和眶上动脉的深支仅在骨膜上有短距离的轴向分布。发现眶上动脉的一或两支在帽状腱膜下层内走行于浅层，穿透额肌，并与颞浅动脉吻合。这些发现提示额肌帽状腱膜瓣应在前额外侧掀起。为确保颞顶延伸，建议皮瓣保留骨膜。
