Salud Publica Mex. 1994 Jul-Aug;36(4):428-38.
There is a great variety of resistance mechanisms observed in bacteria. Several mechanisms can operate simultaneously against a single antibiotic, and there are no species-specific mechanisms described so far. In many cases, resistance is mediated by mobile genetic elements (plasmids, phages and transposons), spreading among different bacterial genera, carrying in many instances multiresistant determinants. Administration of one type of antimicrobial agent can select resistance to other groups of antimicrobials. In summary, more details are found every day on these molecular processes. All this constitute an important tool for the design of new antimicrobials with broad specificity and higher efficacy in an attempt to control bacterial resistance. More important yet, this knowledge has a necessary implication which translates into a rational and adequate use of antimicrobial agents in the fight against bacterial infections.
在细菌中观察到多种耐药机制。几种机制可同时作用于单一抗生素，且目前尚未发现物种特异性机制。在许多情况下，耐药性由可移动遗传元件（质粒、噬菌体和转座子）介导，在不同细菌属间传播，在很多情况下携带多重耐药决定簇。使用一种抗菌剂可选择出对其他抗菌剂组的耐药性。总之，每天都能发现这些分子过程的更多细节。所有这些构成了设计具有广泛特异性和更高疗效的新型抗菌剂以控制细菌耐药性的重要工具。更重要的是，这些知识有一个必然的影响，即转化为在对抗细菌感染中合理且充分地使用抗菌剂。
