Eskew R T, Stromeyer C F, Kronauer R E
Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Vision Res. 1994 Dec;34(23):3127-37. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(94)90078-7.
The temporal properties of the red-green chromatic mechanism were studied with red and green equiluminant flashes of 1 deg diameter presented in the center of a bright (800-3000 td) yellow adapting field. A subthreshold 200 msec red or green flash makes an immediately subsequent, suprathreshold yellow luminance flash appear tinged with the complementary color. The chromatic flash also makes a subsequent chromatic flash of the same hue harder to detect and identify, and makes a flash of the opposite hue easier to detect and identify. These results indicate that the response of the red-green mechanism changes polarity during its time-course, suggesting that the chromatic temporal impulse-response function has a negative lobe. Pairs of chromatic pulses were used to estimate the shape of the chromatic impulse-response. The estimated impulse-response function has a zero crossing near 90 msec, followed by a long, shallow negative lobe. We also measured threshold-duration functions; the critical duration for the chromatic and luminance flashes is about 95 and 45 msec, respectively. Chromatic sensitivity (measured in cone contrast units) is 10 times greater than luminance sensitivity for long durations, and is 3 times greater for all durations less than 45 msec.
在一个明亮（800 - 3000 td）的黄色适应场中心，呈现直径为1度的红色和绿色等亮度闪光，以此研究红 - 绿颜色机制的时间特性。一个阈下的200毫秒红色或绿色闪光会使随后紧接着的阈上黄色亮度闪光看起来带有互补色。颜色闪光还会使随后相同色调的颜色闪光更难被检测和识别，并使相反色调的闪光更容易被检测和识别。这些结果表明，红 - 绿机制的响应在其时间进程中会改变极性，这表明颜色时间脉冲响应函数有一个负波瓣。使用成对的颜色脉冲来估计颜色脉冲响应的形状。估计的脉冲响应函数在90毫秒附近有一个过零点，随后是一个长的、浅的负波瓣。我们还测量了阈值持续时间函数；颜色闪光和亮度闪光的临界持续时间分别约为95毫秒和45毫秒。对于长时间持续，颜色敏感度（以视锥细胞对比度单位测量）比亮度敏感度高10倍，对于所有小于45毫秒的持续时间，颜色敏感度比亮度敏感度高3倍。
