Schubert R, Höhne K H, Pommert A, Riemer M, Schiemann T, Tiede U, Lierse W
Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science in Medicine, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Acta Anat (Basel). 1994;150(1):69-74. doi: 10.1159/000147603.
In current practice, anatomical atlases are based on a collection of planar images presented in a book or, recently, stored on digital media. We present a new kind of interactive true three-dimensional (3D) anatomical atlases based on a volume model derived from MRI and CT. The model has a two-layer structure. The lower level is a volume model with a set of semantic attributes connected to each voxel. The semantic attributes are assigned by an anatomist using a volume editor. THe upper level represents a set of relations between these attributes. Interactive visualization tools such as multiple surface display, preparation of transparent material and cutting are provided. It is shown that the combination of this model with advanced tools for volume visualization provides the 'look and feel' of real dissection. The system therefore represents a bridge between real dissection of a cadaver and textbooks and classical atlases of anatomy. First tests have shown that the atlas system may be used successfully for teaching anatomy, but also as a reference for radiologists or surgeons. The powerful underlying data structure potentially includes all classical visual teaching aids. As a replacement of classical atlases, however, spatial resolution has still to be improved.
在当前的实践中，解剖图谱基于书中呈现的一系列平面图像，或者最近存储在数字媒体上。我们展示了一种新型的交互式真实三维（3D）解剖图谱，它基于从MRI和CT获得的体模型。该模型具有两层结构。较低层是一个体模型，每个体素都连接有一组语义属性。语义属性由解剖学家使用体编辑器进行分配。较高层表示这些属性之间的一组关系。提供了诸如多表面显示、透明材料制备和切割等交互式可视化工具。结果表明，该模型与先进的体可视化工具相结合，能带来真实解剖的“视觉和感觉”。因此，该系统代表了尸体的真实解剖与解剖学教科书和经典图谱之间的一座桥梁。初步测试表明，图谱系统不仅可以成功用于解剖教学，还可作为放射科医生或外科医生的参考。强大的基础数据结构潜在地包含了所有经典的视觉教学辅助工具。然而，作为经典图谱的替代品，空间分辨率仍有待提高。
