Maeda M, Takachi T, Nakai M, Krieger A J, Sapru H N
Department of Systems Physiology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien). 1994;60:168-70. doi: 10.1007/978-3-7091-9334-1_45.
Acute brain swelling is reported to be due to acute vasodilatation of cerebral vessels. One of the causes of acute brain swelling may be disturbance of central control mechanisms of cerebral vessels. It has been reported that the anatomical location of the area which controls cerebral circulation is related to the area which controls systemic circulation. However, the role of the cardiovascular center on cerebral circulation has not been clear. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to examine the effects of chemical stimulation of the medullary cardiovascular center [nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), ventrolateral depressor area (VLDA), and ventrolateral pressor area (VLPA)] on cerebral circulation. In anesthetized, paralyzed and artificially ventilated rats, the neurons in the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA were chemically stimulated and the cerebral blood flow (CBF) was determined using labeled microspheres. The CBF decreased significantly and the cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) increased significantly by chemical stimulation of the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA. These results suggest that the neurons within the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA control cerebral vessels vasoconstrictively. There is a possibility that the dysfunction of the NTS, VLDA, and VLPA may cause acute brain swelling.
据报道，急性脑肿胀是由于脑血管急性扩张所致。急性脑肿胀的原因之一可能是脑血管中枢控制机制紊乱。据报道，控制脑循环的区域的解剖位置与控制体循环的区域相关。然而，心血管中枢对脑循环的作用尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在探讨化学刺激延髓心血管中枢[孤束核（NTS）、腹外侧减压区（VLDA）和腹外侧加压区（VLPA）]对脑循环的影响。在麻醉、麻痹并进行人工通气的大鼠中，对NTS、VLDA和VLPA中的神经元进行化学刺激，并使用标记微球测定脑血流量（CBF）。对NTS、VLDA和VLPA进行化学刺激后，CBF显著降低，脑血管阻力（CVR）显著增加。这些结果表明，NTS、VLDA和VLPA内的神经元通过血管收缩来控制脑血管。NTS、VLDA和VLPA功能障碍有可能导致急性脑肿胀。
