Gage M, Noh S, Polatajko H J, Kaspar V
Department of Occupational Therapy, Victoria Hospital, London, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Occup Ther. 1994 Sep;48(9):783-90. doi: 10.5014/ajot.48.9.783.
Occupational therapists sometimes observe an alarming discrepancy between the occupational performance skills developed in the clinical setting and the degree to which the client willingly puts these skills to use outside the clinical environment. The literature strongly suggests that perceived self-efficacy partially explains this discrepancy; however, an understanding of perceived self-efficacy has not yet been integrated into the practice of occupational therapy. Both a lack of awareness of the construct and a lack of ability to assess perceived self-efficacy within the occupational performance domain are responsible for this lack of integration into practice. This article presents the development, reliability, and validity testing of a measure of perceived self-efficacy developed particularly for use by occupational therapists, the Self-Efficacy Gauge.
Reliability and validity testing was performed through use of a mailed survey (n = 126). Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and alternate form reliability were examined. In addition, the subjects' scores on the Gauge were compared to actual performance and a hopelessness scale.
The Self-Efficacy Gauge has a reasonable degree of reliability when used on a clinical sample whose perceived self-efficacy for occupational performance activities is unlikely to change. The results also provide preliminary support for the validity of the instrument.
It is recognized that without a gold standard for comparison, validity testing will be an ongoing need.
职业治疗师有时会观察到，在临床环境中培养的职业表现技能与患者在临床环境之外自愿运用这些技能的程度之间存在惊人的差异。文献有力地表明，自我效能感在一定程度上解释了这种差异；然而，对自我效能感的理解尚未融入职业治疗实践中。对这一概念缺乏认识以及在职业表现领域缺乏评估自我效能感的能力，是导致其未能融入实践的原因。本文介绍了一种专门为职业治疗师开发的自我效能感测量工具——自我效能量表的开发、信度和效度测试情况。
通过邮寄调查（n = 126）进行信度和效度测试。检验了重测信度、内部一致性和复本信度。此外，将受试者在该量表上的得分与实际表现及绝望量表进行了比较。
当用于职业表现活动的自我效能感不太可能改变的临床样本时，自我效能量表具有合理程度的信度。研究结果也为该工具的效度提供了初步支持。
人们认识到，由于缺乏用于比较的金标准，效度测试将一直是必要的。
