Koivisto U K, Fellenius J, Sjödén P O
Centre for Caring Sciences, University of Uppsala, Sweden.
Appetite. 1994 Jun;22(3):245-57. doi: 10.1006/appe.1994.1023.
The food intake of children aged 3-7 years was related to selected parental and child mealtime behaviours from video recordings of meals in 50 Swedish families and a 7-day weighed record of dietary intake from 39 of these. The children's mean intakes of fat and sucrose were relatively high (23% of energy from sugar-rich snacks) and their energy intake and number of meals were evenly distributed over the day. No relationship between energy intake and overweight was found. Children spent 50% of the total mealtime eating. One-third of all child mealtime behaviours were verbal. Most parental behaviours were verbal with negative, non-eating statements about the child being very common and negatively correlated with child energy intake. The child's energy intake was positively correlated with the child taking food on recommendation by the parent. The results indicate parental influences on children's eating which may have implications for the development of food preferences and overweight in childhood.
通过对50个瑞典家庭用餐视频记录中选定的父母和孩子用餐行为，以及其中39个家庭7天的饮食摄入量称重记录，研究了3至7岁儿童的食物摄入量。儿童脂肪和蔗糖的平均摄入量相对较高（富含糖的零食提供的能量占23%），他们的能量摄入和用餐次数在一天中分布均匀。未发现能量摄入与超重之间存在关联。儿童在总用餐时间的50%用于进食。所有儿童用餐行为的三分之一是言语行为。大多数父母行为是言语行为，对孩子的负面、非进食表述非常普遍，且与孩子的能量摄入呈负相关。孩子的能量摄入与听从父母建议进食呈正相关。结果表明父母对孩子饮食的影响可能对儿童食物偏好的形成和超重问题产生影响。
