Nüsing R, Fehr P M, Gudat F, Kemeny E, Mihatsch M J, Ullrich V
Faculty of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany.
Virchows Arch. 1994;424(1):69-74. doi: 10.1007/BF00197395.
Thromboxane, excreted in the urine in increased amounts in glomerular, vascular and tubulo-interstitial diseases, is considered to originate from the kidney. The localization of thromboxane synthase, a key enzyme of arachidonic acid metabolism, was studied in the human kidney by immunohistology using the monoclonal antibody Tü 300. In the interstitial tissue dendritic reticulum cells surrounding the tubules expressed high concentrations of the enzyme. In glomeruli the enzyme was weakly expressed in podocytes. This was confirmed by co-localization with an antiserum directed to podocalyxin, a marker of the visceral epithelial cells. In the study of various kidney diseases, massive accumulation of thromboxane synthase containing cells was observed in interstitial diseases, whereas in glomerular diseases there were no differences from normal kidney; in a case of thrombotic microangiopathy podocytes exhibited an increase in thromboxane-synthase. The thromboxane-synthase positive infiltrating interstitial cells were shown by conventional light microscopy to be mononuclear phagocytic cells. The physiological sources of renal thromboxane are dendritic reticular cells and podocytes. In interstitial renal disease infiltrating cells of the monocyte/macrophage system constitute the major site of thromboxane synthesis. In glomerular disease, a characteristic alteration of thromboxane-synthase was not found.
血栓素在肾小球、血管和肾小管间质疾病患者尿液中的排泄量增加，被认为起源于肾脏。采用单克隆抗体Tü 300，通过免疫组织学方法对人肾脏中花生四烯酸代谢关键酶——血栓素合酶的定位进行了研究。在肾小管周围的间质组织中，树突状网状细胞表达高浓度的该酶。在肾小球中，足细胞弱阳性表达该酶。这通过与针对足细胞标记物——足细胞抗原的抗血清共定位得到证实。在各种肾脏疾病的研究中，间质疾病中观察到大量含血栓素合酶的细胞积聚，而肾小球疾病与正常肾脏无差异；在一例血栓性微血管病中，足细胞的血栓素合酶表达增加。传统光学显微镜显示，血栓素合酶阳性的浸润性间质细胞为单核吞噬细胞。肾脏血栓素的生理来源是树突状网状细胞和足细胞。在间质性肾病中，单核细胞/巨噬细胞系统的浸润细胞是血栓素合成的主要部位。在肾小球疾病中，未发现血栓素合酶的特征性改变。
