Sperry L
Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Science, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1994 Aug;45(8):814-7. doi: 10.1176/ps.45.8.814.
Although many clinicians agree in principle that work is central to personal identity and mental health, issues related to patients' experiences in the workplace have not been a central focus in clinical practice in psychiatry. However, the link between work and mental health continues to be confirmed by research, and interest in occupational and organizational psychiatry, which focuses on the psychopathology that the individual brings to the workplace and that results from the individual's experiences in the workplace, has increased in the past decade. The three main areas of practice in the field--direct clinical services, consultation, and applied research--include evaluating work-related psychiatric disability, providing case management for employees who receive psychiatric treatment, evaluating a candidate for an executive position, and conducting epidemiological research about stress-related disorders. A patient's occupational or work history can provide valuable information for routine psychiatric diagnosis and treatment planning.
尽管许多临床医生原则上都认同工作对于个人身份认同和心理健康至关重要，但与患者职场经历相关的问题在精神病学临床实践中并非核心关注点。然而，工作与心理健康之间的联系不断得到研究证实，并且在过去十年里，对职业与组织精神病学的兴趣有所增加，该领域专注于个体带入职场以及由个体职场经历所导致的精神病理学。该领域的三个主要实践领域——直接临床服务、咨询和应用研究——包括评估与工作相关的精神残疾、为接受精神治疗的员工提供病例管理、评估行政职位候选人以及开展关于应激相关障碍的流行病学研究。患者的职业或工作经历可为常规精神病诊断和治疗规划提供有价值的信息。
