Araki E, Shichiri M
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 1994 Oct;52(10):2623-8.
Insulin initiates diverse biological effects by binding to the insulin receptor. The insulin receptor gene is located on the short arm of chromosome 19 and is more than 130 kb in length and contains 22 exons. Two species of mRNAs encoding insulin receptors that differ 12 amino acids in length exist by alternative splicing of the exon 11. The promoter region of the human insulin receptor gene is extremely GC rich and lacks typical TATA and CAAT boxes but contains multiple potential binding sites of Sp1, which are the characteristics of a "housekeeping" gene. Possible regulation of the expression of the insulin receptor gene by hormones such as insulin and dexamethasone and some transcription factors including Sp1 and C/EBP have been shown at the mRNA and transcription levels.
胰岛素通过与胰岛素受体结合引发多种生物学效应。胰岛素受体基因位于19号染色体短臂上，长度超过130 kb，包含22个外显子。通过外显子11的可变剪接存在两种编码长度相差12个氨基酸的胰岛素受体的mRNA。人胰岛素受体基因的启动子区域富含GC，缺乏典型的TATA和CAAT框，但含有多个Sp1潜在结合位点，这是“管家”基因的特征。在mRNA和转录水平已显示胰岛素和地塞米松等激素以及包括Sp1和C/EBP在内的一些转录因子可能对胰岛素受体基因的表达进行调控。
