Bierne H, Michel B
Laboratoire de Génétique Microbienne, INRA Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy en Josas, France.
Mol Microbiol. 1994 Jul;13(1):17-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00398.x.
DNA synthesis is an accurate and very processive phenomenon, yet chromosome replication does not proceed at a constant rate and progression of the replication fork can be impeded. Several structural and functional features of the template can modulate the rate of progress of the replication fork. These include DNA secondary structures, DNA damage and occupied protein-binding sites. In addition, prokaryotes contain sites where replication is specifically arrested. DNA regions at which the replication machinery is blocked or transiently slowed could be particularly susceptible to genome rearrangements. Illegitimate recombination, a ubiquitous phenomenon which may have dramatic consequences, occurs by a variety of mechanisms. The observation that some rearrangements might be facilitated by a pause in replication could provide a clue in elucidating these processes. In support of this, some homologous and illegitimate recombination events have already been correlated with replication pauses or arrest sites.
DNA合成是一个精确且具有高度连续性的过程，然而染色体复制并非以恒定速率进行，复制叉的推进可能会受到阻碍。模板的几个结构和功能特征可以调节复制叉的推进速率。这些特征包括DNA二级结构、DNA损伤和被占据的蛋白质结合位点。此外，原核生物含有复制特异性停滞的位点。复制机制受阻或暂时减慢的DNA区域可能特别容易发生基因组重排。非法重组是一种普遍存在的现象，可能会产生重大后果，它通过多种机制发生。一些重排可能因复制暂停而促进的这一观察结果，可能为阐明这些过程提供线索。支持这一点的是，一些同源和非法重组事件已经与复制暂停或停滞位点相关联。
