Malina R M, Ryan R C, Bonci C M
Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas.
Ann Hum Biol. 1994 Sep-Oct;21(5):417-22. doi: 10.1080/03014469400003432.
Retrospective ages at menarche were obtained from 109 university athletes and their mothers, and from 77 sisters of the athletes. The athletes were participants in seven sports. Mean age (+/- SD) at menarche of the 109 athletes was identical with that of the total sample of 338 athletes from which they were drawn, 13.8 +/- 1.5 years. Mean age at menarche in the mothers was 13.4 +/- 1.7 years. When mothers were grouped as having been athletes (n = 52) or non-athletes (n = 57), menarcheal ages were, respectively, 13.7 +/- 1.8 years and 13.2 +/- 1.5 years. The mother-daughter correlation for age at menarche was 0.25. Corresponding correlations between athletes and mothers who were athletes and between athletes and mothers who were not athletes were 0.24 and 0.22, respectively. Ages at menarche in athletes who had sisters (n = 62) and their sisters (n = 77) were 14.0 +/- 1.4 and 13.6 +/- 1.6 years, respectively. The intraclass sister-sister correlation was 0.44. Familial resemblance in age at menarche in athletes, their mothers and sisters, is identical with that in the general population, and suggests that later menarche commonly observed in athletes is to a large extent familial.
从109名大学运动员及其母亲以及77名运动员的姐妹那里获取了初潮的回顾性年龄。这些运动员参与了七个体育项目。109名运动员的初潮平均年龄（±标准差）与抽取他们的338名运动员总样本的平均年龄相同，为13.8±1.5岁。母亲的初潮平均年龄为13.4±1.7岁。当母亲被分为曾经是运动员（n = 52）或非运动员（n = 57）时，她们的初潮年龄分别为13.7±1.8岁和13.2±1.5岁。初潮年龄的母女相关性为0.25。运动员与身为运动员的母亲之间以及运动员与非运动员母亲之间的相应相关性分别为0.24和0.22。有姐妹的运动员（n = 62）及其姐妹（n = 77）的初潮年龄分别为14.0±1.4岁和13.6±1.6岁。姐妹间组内相关性为0.44。运动员、其母亲和姐妹的初潮年龄的家族相似性与一般人群中的相似性相同，这表明在运动员中常见的初潮较晚现象在很大程度上是家族性的。
