Filston H C
Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Graduate Medical Center, Knoxville.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 1994 Aug;3(3):147-59.
Hemangiomas, cystic hygromas, and teratomas are the most common bulky lesions presenting in the head and neck of infants, but cystic hygromas and teratomas are rare, and most hemangiomas are initially small. Historically, hemangiomas have been watched with the belief that they all involute with good results. Recognition that this is often not the case, and newer more successful and less complicated treatment modalities are changing this approach, albeit slowly. Maternal fetal sonography, in addition to showing that most cystic hygromas are associated with fetal anomalies and fetal demise, has facilitated careful planning and improved outcomes for infants born with isolated cystic hygromas and teratomas.
血管瘤、囊状水瘤和畸胎瘤是婴儿头颈部最常见的占位性病变，但囊状水瘤和畸胎瘤较为罕见，且大多数血管瘤起初较小。从历史上看，血管瘤通常是被观察，因为人们认为它们都会自行消退且效果良好。但现在认识到情况往往并非如此，更新的、更成功且更简单的治疗方式正在改变这种做法，尽管进展缓慢。母胎超声检查，除了显示大多数囊状水瘤与胎儿异常和胎儿死亡有关外，还为患有孤立性囊状水瘤和畸胎瘤的婴儿的精心规划和改善预后提供了便利。
