Bradley S G, White K L, McCay J A, Brown R D, Musgrove D L, Wilson S, Stern M, Luster M I, Munson A E
Department of Pharmacology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 1994;17(3):221-69. doi: 10.3109/01480549409017861.
Millions of people have been exposed to silicones which are present in consumer goods such as cosmetics and toiletries, processed foods and household products. In addition, silicones have been used extensively in medical practice as a lubricant in tubing and syringes, and as implantable devices. A silicone widely used in medical practice is polydimethylsiloxane. This study was undertaken to determine the immunotoxicologic potential of long term exposure to the principal constituents of breast implants: silicone fluid, silicone gel and silicone elastomer. An alternative covering for devices containing silicone gels, polyurethane, was also included in the study. Silicone fluid and gel were injected subcutaneously into female B6C3F1 mice (1 ml/mouse) and 6 mm disks of silicone elastomer or polyurethane were implanted subcutaneously. There were no treatment-related deaths or overt signs of toxicity during the 180 day exposure. None of the tested materials had notable effects on body or organ weights, erythrocytes or leukocytes in the blood, blood chemistries such as alanine aminotransferase, urea nitrogen, glucose, albumin or total protein, or serum CH 50 or C3 levels. The cellularity of the bone marrow and responses to CSF-GM and CSF-M were normal. The tested silicones and polyurethane marginally reduced the level of Ig+ cells in the spleen but did not consistently alter the distribution of T cell surface markers. The antibody response to sheep erythrocytes was not markedly altered, nor were proliferative responses to concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, lipopolysaccharide or allogeneic cells. Reticuloendothelial function was normal, as was phagocytosis of chicken erythrocytes and Covaspheres by adherent peritoneal cells. Natural killer cell activity was depressed in all silicone treatment groups and in mice implanted with polyurethane. No silicone or polyurethane treatment group displayed altered susceptibility to a challenge with Listeria monocytogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae or the B16F10 tumor. The only consistent effect of 180 day exposure to silicone materials or polyurethane was a modest depression of natural killer cell activity.
数以百万计的人接触过存在于化妆品、洗漱用品、加工食品和家用产品等消费品中的硅酮。此外，硅酮在医疗实践中被广泛用作管道和注射器的润滑剂以及可植入装置。医疗实践中广泛使用的一种硅酮是聚二甲基硅氧烷。本研究旨在确定长期接触乳房植入物的主要成分（硅油、硅胶和硅橡胶）的免疫毒理学潜力。该研究还包括一种用于含硅胶装置的替代覆盖物——聚氨酯。将硅油和硅胶皮下注射到雌性B6C3F1小鼠体内（每只小鼠1毫升），并将6毫米的硅橡胶或聚氨酯圆盘皮下植入。在180天的暴露期间，没有与治疗相关的死亡或明显的毒性迹象。所测试的材料均未对体重、器官重量、血液中的红细胞或白细胞、血液化学指标（如丙氨酸转氨酶、尿素氮、葡萄糖、白蛋白或总蛋白）或血清CH 50或C3水平产生显著影响。骨髓细胞数量以及对CSF-GM和CSF-M的反应均正常。所测试的硅酮和聚氨酯使脾脏中Ig+细胞水平略有降低，但并未持续改变T细胞表面标志物的分布。对绵羊红细胞的抗体反应没有明显改变，对刀豆球蛋白A、植物血凝素、脂多糖或同种异体细胞的增殖反应也没有改变。网状内皮系统功能正常，贴壁腹膜细胞对鸡红细胞和Covaspheres的吞噬作用也正常。所有硅酮治疗组和植入聚氨酯的小鼠的自然杀伤细胞活性均降低。没有硅酮或聚氨酯治疗组对单核细胞增生李斯特菌、肺炎链球菌或B16F10肿瘤的攻击显示出易感性改变。180天暴露于硅酮材料或聚氨酯的唯一一致影响是自然杀伤细胞活性略有降低。
