Wilson S D, Munson A E
Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia/Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1996;210:199-208. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-85226-8_20.
Current controversy regarding the effects of silicone gel mammary implants on the immune system has led to increased focus on the potential biological activity of silicone materials. Studies were undertaken in the B6C3F1 mouse to evaluate the immunotoxicological effects of the following components of a mammary gel prosthesis: polydimethylsiloxane fluid, silicone gel, elastomer shell and a polyurethane implant cover. Material was implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) for either 10 or 180 days. The only toxicological or immunological parameter which differed from control values was the natural killer (NK) cell activity in gel implanted mice. In these animals, basal NK activity was decreased. NK activity was comparably inhibited in female Fischer 344 rats implanted with silicone gel following short term (14 or 30 days) as well as chronic (1 year) exposure. The response was variable in both the rat and mouse. Host resistance to B16F10 melanoma in the mouse is known to be related to NK activity. Despite suppression of NK activity following gel implantation, host resistance was unaltered. Inhibition of NK activity by the administration of anti-asialo GM1 indicated that resistance was not adversely affected until NK activity was decreased by 40 to 50%. As with basal NK activity, augmented NK activity was inhibited in gel implanted rats when compared to controls. Administration of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid to gel implanted rats resulted in an increase of approximately 65% in NK activity compared to gel implanted controls. This level of augmented NK activity was significantly less than the level of augmented NK activity in vehicle implanted animals where 100% enhancement in NK activity was noted. The results of these studies indicate that (1) NK cytolytic activity is altered in two animal models, the mouse and rat, although the results were variable, that (2) the level of suppression noted in the mouse is ineffective when compared to the level of suppression required to alter host resistance to B16F10 melanoma and that (3) the gel implanted animals exhibit a suppressed response to NK augmentation.
目前关于硅胶乳房植入物对免疫系统影响的争议，使得人们更加关注硅胶材料的潜在生物活性。在B6C3F1小鼠身上开展了研究，以评估乳房凝胶假体的以下成分的免疫毒理学效应：聚二甲基硅氧烷液体、硅胶、弹性体外壳和聚氨酯植入物覆盖层。将材料皮下植入10天或180天。唯一与对照值不同的毒理学或免疫学参数是植入凝胶小鼠的自然杀伤（NK）细胞活性。在这些动物中，基础NK活性降低。在短期（14或30天）以及长期（1年）接触硅胶凝胶后，雌性Fischer 344大鼠植入硅胶凝胶后NK活性受到类似抑制。大鼠和小鼠的反应都存在差异。已知小鼠对B16F10黑色素瘤的宿主抵抗力与NK活性有关。尽管植入凝胶后NK活性受到抑制，但宿主抵抗力并未改变。通过给予抗唾液酸GM1抑制NK活性表明，直到NK活性降低40%至50%，抵抗力才会受到不利影响。与基础NK活性一样，与对照组相比，植入凝胶的大鼠中增强的NK活性也受到抑制。与植入凝胶的对照组相比，给植入凝胶的大鼠注射聚肌苷酸：聚胞苷酸后，NK活性增加了约65%。这种增强的NK活性水平明显低于植入赋形剂的动物中观察到的NK活性增强100%的水平。这些研究结果表明：（1）在小鼠和大鼠这两种动物模型中，NK细胞溶解活性发生了改变，尽管结果存在差异；（2）与改变宿主对B16F10黑色素瘤的抵抗力所需的抑制水平相比，小鼠中观察到的抑制水平无效；（3）植入凝胶的动物对NK增强表现出抑制反应。
